Research

How Common and Dangerous Are Bird Strikes in Bangladeshi Aviation?

On July 21, 2025, a Bangladesh Air Force training jet crashed into Milestone School and College in Dhaka’s Diabari neighbourhood  killing 36 people, most of them children. The FT-7BGI aircraft, flown by Flight Lieutenant Md Towkir Islam, went down minutes after taking off from a nearby air base when the pilot lost control during a...
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How Common and Dangerous Are Bird Strikes in Indian Aviation?

Indian airports recorded 1,782 bird strikes in 2025, a 39 percent jump over the 1,278 cases logged in 2024, according to figures the government shared with parliament, according to a report by FODNews. The scale of the problem stems from a familiar and largely unresolved cause: garbage dumps, meat shops, and open waste sites operating...
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How Common and Dangerous Are Bird Strikes in Pakistani Aviation?

Pakistan sits on the Central Asian Flyway, the migratory corridor that funnels birds between Siberia and South Asia, and that geography collides directly with the country’s busiest runways. Between 2018 and 2022 alone, Pakistan’s Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) recorded 622 bird strike incidents nationwide, an average of well over one every three days, according to...
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How Common And Dangerous Are Bird Strikes in British Aviation?

The UK’s former Central Science Laboratory estimated that worldwide, bird strikes cost airlines around $1.2 billion annually. The UK Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) recorded 1,432 bird strikes across British aviation in 2022, and the agency has tracked a steady rise in reporting since mandatory disclosure began in January 2004. The deadliest confirmed case in recent...
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GeminiJets-Father of 1:400 Diecast Aircraft Models

GeminiJets is a Las Vegas, Nevada-based manufacturer of diecast metal scale aircraft models, and it is widely regarded by collectors as the founding brand of the modern 1:400 scale hobby. Elliot Epstein, a former Philadelphia native who relocated to Las Vegas in 1995 to work in airline management, founded the company in the autumn of...
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Airplane Emergency Landing: Meaning, Types, And Examples

An airplane emergency landing is an unscheduled landing that a flight crew makes in response to a situation that threatens the safety of the aircraft, passengers, or crew. Aviation safety authority SKYbrary defines it as “a landing of an aircraft in a state of emergency” that does not necessarily occur on a runway — it...
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EU 261 Law: Establishing EU Air Passenger Rights

The European Parliament and the Council of the European Union adopted Regulation (EC) No 261/2004 on 11 February 2004, establishing common rules on compensation and assistance for air passengers in the event of denied boarding, flight cancellations, or long delays. The regulation entered into force on 17 February 2005, applying to all flights departing from...
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Use of Titanium Plate & Sheets in Aircraft: Properties and Benefits

Titanium plates and sheets are critical structural materials in modern commercial and military aviation. The aerospace industry uses titanium because it combines low density with high tensile strength, exceptional corrosion resistance, and the ability to withstand extreme heat. Titanium accounts for approximately 15 percent of the Boeing 787 Dreamliner‘s empty weight. The Airbus A350 XWB...
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45 Years and Counting: How Old are Planes Flying in Nepal, Really?

Since 1946, Nepal has suffered 42 fatal plane crashes, with eight air disasters killing more than 100 people in the three years between 2022 and 2025 alone. Many of the planes in Nepal have fallen prey to bird strikes as well.  The European Union banned all 20 Nepali airlines from its airspace on December 5...
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